The combination of 1H MRS data and 18F-FDG-PET imaging can enhance detection of glioma progression. 1H MRS imaging was more accurate in low-grade gliomas and 18F-FDG-PET provided better accuracy in high-grade gliomas. J Neuroimaging 2012;22:184-190 “
“To determine acute intracranial hydrodynamic changes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) via phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) analysis of the CSF stroke volume in the aqueduct (SVaq) and the foramen magnum (SVfm). A prospective

PC-MRI study was performed on 34 SAH patients in the acute and late phase. Data on CSF flow and hemorrhage site were analyzed according to acute or chronic hydrocephalus (HC). In the acute phase, CSF analysis was performed for 31 patients, Selleckchem LY2157299 12 of whom presented HC. All 12 had an abnormal SVaq; those with communicating HC (n = 7) had an elevated SV and those with noncommunicating HC (n = 5) had a nil SV. None of the patients with a normal SVaq (n = 11) developed acute HC. Intraventricular bleeding led to more cases of acute HC (P =

.005), which was communicating in 58% of cases. In the chronic phase, CSF analysis was performed for 27 patients, 7 of whom presented HC. None of these 7 patients displayed a depressed SVaq. SAH led to changes in cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics in the majority of patients. Acute HC was communicating in most cases, even when there was intraventricular bleeding. In the late phase, all chronic HC were communicating and did not display aqueductal stenosis. “
“Cognitive impairment (CI) is an

important component of multiple sclerosis (MS) disability. A complex biological interplay between white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) disease likely sustains CI. This Compound Library cell assay study aims to address this issue by exploring the association between the extent of normal WM and GM disease and CI. Cognitive function of 24 MS patients and mafosfamide 24 healthy volunteers (HVs) was studied using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) battery. WM focal lesions and normal appearing WM (NAWM) volume in patients, cortical thickness (CTh) and deep GM structure volumes in both patients and HVs were measured by high field strength (3.0-Tesla; 3T) imaging. An analysis of covariance showed that patients performed worse than HVs on Code Substitution Delayed Memory (P= .04) and Procedural Reaction Time (P= .05) indicative of reduced performance in memory, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed. A summary score (Index of Cognitive Efficiency) indicating global test battery performance was also lower for the patient group (P= .04). Significant associations, as determined by the Spearman rank correlation tests, were noted between each of these 3 cognitive scores and measures of NAWM volume [CDD-TP1(r= .609; P= .0035), PRO-TP1 (r= .456; P= .029) and ICE (r= .489; P= .0129)], CTh (r= .5; P≤ .05) and volume of subcortical normal appearing GM (NAGM) structures (r= .4; P≤ .04), but not WM lesions. Both NAWM and NAGM volumes are related to CI in MS.