Projection angle is significantly increased when orbital rim removal is added to the FT craniotomy. This model overcomes two major limitations of cadaver-based models: quantification of brain retraction and incorporation of patient-specific anatomy.”
“Purpose: Visceral inflammation and pain associated with chemical cystitis produce increased sensitivity PF-02341066 chemical structure to noxious stimuli in the sacral dermatomes. We determined whether a similar sensitization occurs in response to bacterial cystitis.
Materials and Methods: Bacterial cystitis was induced by intravesical instillation of Escherichia coli 1677 in female C57BL/6N and C3H/OuJ mice (Jackson Laboratories,
Bar Harbor, Maine). C3H/HeJ mice (Jackson Laboratories) served as a control because C3H/HeJ mice lack functional toll-like receptor 4, which is an essential component of cellular recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Hind paw sensitivity to thermal stimulus was quantitatively determined 1, 2, 7 and 14 days after infection.
Results: Intravesical instillation of E.
coli produced infection in all strains of mice. Infection persisted in all C3H/OuJ and C3H/HeJ mice MGCD0103 in vitro but it spontaneously cleared in some C57BL/6N mice. Increased sensitivity to thermal stimuli was observed in C57BL/6N and C3H/OuJ mice starting 1 to 2 days after E. coli instillation and it was still present 14 days Dimethyl sulfoxide after instillation. Increased sensitivity to thermal stimuli did not occur in C3H/HeJ mice.
Conclusions: E. coli induced cystitis produced increased sensitivity to peripheral thermal stimuli in mice with competent toll-like receptor 4.”
“OBJECTIVE: One of the most common problems after frontosphenotemporal, or pterional, craniotomy is the marked depression of the frontozygomatic fossa caused by atrophy of the temporalis muscle. Although temporalis muscle reconstruction techniques have been proposed to
prevent this problem, a definitive solution has not been achieved. We report the results of a titanium cranioplasty technique in a prospective series of patients who underwent frontosphenotemporal craniotomy.
METHODS: Between April 2002 and June 2006, 209 consecutive patients underwent a frontosphenotemporal craniotomy for aneurysms, vascular malformations, or tumors. At the time of surgery, the patients underwent a frontozygomatic fossa cranioplasty with a titanium plate, to which the temporalis muscle was attached. In this series, 194 patients had documented follow-up periods averaging 9.5 months (range, 1 mo-4 yr; median, 7.5 mo), and the cosmetic results of the cranioplasty have been assessed.
RESULTS: The cosmetic outcomes have been outstanding in all patients treated to date. Two patients had the cranioplasty removed due to either orbital pain or local infection secondary to sepsis.