In this research, we studied five wild Agave species from Sinaloa, Mexico (A. rzedowskiana, A. impressa, A. ornithobroma, A. schidigera and A. angustifolia) and one cultivated (A. tequilana). They were evaluated for antioxidant- and antibacterial activities and chemical composition. Statistical analysis consisted of a completely randomized design with one factor analysis of variance and the means were contrasted by the Tukey test (p <= 0.05). Agave tequilana showed the highest antibacterial activity with a Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 5 mg/mL, while A. rzedowskiana
showed the highest antioxidant capacity by the DPPH method; both activities were higher than those reported for other Agave species. Agave ornithobroma had a higher content of the evaluated phytochemicals, mainly triterpenes and steroids. An activity based separation was carried out with the hexane extract of A. rzedowskiana; chromatographic separation LCL161 clinical trial and analysis by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry (GC-MS) showed 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenil)-N-methylethanolamine, 9-octadecenoic acid and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) as the most abundant compounds. alpha-Tocopherol was clearly associated with the hexane extract antioxidant activity. CT99021 cell line This research showed a variety of phytochemicals in the studied Agave species and some of these species showed the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities published up to date for this genus. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To describe
the range and rate of complications related to bone-anchored hearing aids in pediatric patients.
Method: we conducted a retrospective review all children 16 years of age or less who were implanted with a bone-anchored hearing aid from 2002 to 2009. The main outcome measures were post Baha (R) implantation complications including infection, soft tissue hypertrophy, loss of osseointegration, and need for further surgery.
Results: Thirty-one patients were identified and 27 had sufficient follow up for complete analysis. Soft tissue https://www.selleckchem.com/products/p5091-p005091.html reactions were seen in 24 patients (89%), half of which were considered minor. Ten patients (37%) had major complications defined as requiring revision surgery or removal of the implant. Soft tissue overgrowth and infection at the abutment required removal in 5 children (19%) and three implants (11%) failed to osseointegrate. Recurrent antibiotic treatment was required in eight patients (30%). Seven patients (26%) had a history of trauma and one of them lost the implant. To date, three of the children (11%) have been unable to use the device because of chronic infection and overgrowth of the abutment. There was a statistically significant increased risk for major complications in patients from socioeconomically deprived backgrounds and obesity appears to incur additional risk.