Increased methodological research examining new approaches to these problems is warranted. The increased costs associated with this research should offset the time and expense of continuing with ‘business as usual’.”
“PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of correcting spherical aberration with aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) in cataract surgery based on individual pupil diameter.
SETTING: Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
METHODS:
In this prospective study, eyes having cataract surgery were divided into 4 groups based on IOL type: aspheric SN (AcrySof SN60WF), aspheric selleck screening library ZA (Tecnis ZA9003), aspheric PY (Hoya PY-60 AD), and spherical (AcrySof Natural SWAT). Postoperative higher-order aberrations (HOAs) of the cornea and whole eye and the pupil diameter under photopic and mesopic conditions were measured. selleck chemicals The HOA was calculated using the individual pupil diameter. The correlation between corneal and ocular spherical aberrations and pupil diameter was evaluated.
RESULTS:
Each group comprised 30 eyes. Ocular spherical aberrations were significantly lower than corneal spherical aberrations under mesopic conditions in the aspheric SN group, the aspheric ZA group, and the aspheric PY group (P<.05); there was no significant difference between the aberrations in the spherical group. Linear regression showed significant correlations between postoperative corneal and ocular spherical aberrations (beta = 0.39, aspheric SN; beta = 0.38, aspheric ZA; beta = 0.58, aspheric PY; beta = 0.79, spherical). The differences in corneal and ocular spherical aberrations were significantly correlated with pupil diameter in the aspheric IOL groups but not in the spherical IOL group.
CONCLUSIONS: The amount of spherical aberration correction by aspheric IOLs varied depending on IOL type and individual pupil diameter. The linear regression equation in this study may make it possible to customize postoperative ocular spherical aberration after cataract surgery.”
“We report measurements of the temperature dependence
of the optical reflectivity, i.e., the thermoreflectance dR/dT, of 18 metallic elements at two laser wavelengths commonly used in Smad inhibitor ultrafast pump-probe experiments, 1.55 mu m and 785 nm. The thermoreflectance is determined using time-domain thermoreflectance combined with measurements of the laser power and spot size and comparisons between the data and quantitative modeling of the temperature evolution at the surface of the sample. At a laser wavelength of 1.55 mu m, four elements within this set of samples, Nb, Re, Ta, and V, have dR/dT comparable to or larger than 0.6 X 10(-4) K-1. At a laser wavelength of 785 nm, the highest thermoreflectance is found in Al and Ta, dR/dT approximate to 2.1 X 10(-4) K-1 and 2.2 X 10(-4) K-1, respectively. Alloying Au with 5% Pd increases the optical absorption by a factor of 3 and the thermoreflectance by a factor of 2. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.