Abstracts without treatment recommendations were excluded. Relationships between level of evidence, fracture location, and treatment recommendation were statistically evaluated with use of Spearman correlations and logistic regression analysis.

Results: Overall, a higher

proportion of studies gave less aggressive (47%, ninety of 190) or neutral (27%, fifty-one of 190) recommendations than more aggressive treatment recommendations (26%, forty-nine of 190). Only 24% of operative studies and 11% of nonoperative studies recommended more aggressive treatment (p = 0.001). Case series were more learn more likely to recommend more aggressive treatments than comparative studies (30% versus 17%, p = 0.025). Also, studies with a smaller sample size were more likely to recommend more aggressive treatments (p = 0.006). The great majority of Level-I and Level-II (91%, ten of eleven), Level-III (81%, thirty-nine of forty-eight), and Level-IV (70%, ninety-two of 131) studies, however, provided either neutral or less-aggressive treatment recommendations.

Conclusions: The majority of research

presented at POSNA and AAOS meetings over the past two decades fails to support the trend toward increasingly PLX4032 aggressive treatment of pediatric upper extremity fractures. This dichotomy between clinical research and the direction of clinical treatment must be explored in our efforts to provide evidence-based care of pediatric upper extremity fractures.”
“A superconducting ring could be used to simulate the supercurrent conduction, and its interaction with magnetic vortices in a superconducting solenoid, allowing one to investigate the nature of the vortex structure and its pinning in the presence of the persistent supercurrent. The dissipation of the persistent supercurrent has been studied in a ring-shaped high

purity single crystal of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox in order to obtain the information about the exponent mu, a parameter in the scaling relation between the effective energy barrier against vortex motion U-eff and the persistent current density J. The measurements of the persistent supercurrent decay show a transition from a strongly nonlogarithmic to a logarithmic decay find more regime with an increasing temperature. In response to a small increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies mu decreases in the logarithmic decay regime but remains almost constant in the nonlogarithmic one. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3374661]“
“Aims: We report our initial 3-year experience of chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer with computed tomography-based image-guided high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy using the tandem-ring applicator.

Materials and methods: Twenty-eight patients were treated between February 2005 and December 2007. All patients received initial external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) followed by HDR brachytherapy (planned dose 21 Gy to point A in three fractions over 8 days).